Skip to Main Content

Annotated Bibliography Spring 2025

Boolean Operators

To search multiple keywords at once, you need to use connector terms, also called Boolean Operators. Using a Boolean Operator will tell the database to connect the terms together in your search.

There are three Boolean Operators:

  • AND: All keywords must appear in your results. AND will narrow down a search.
  • OR: Either of the keywords must appear in the results. OR will give you more results.
  • NOT: Excludes certain keywords from your results. NOT will narrow down a search.

Depending on the database you are using, there may be a place to choose which Boolean Operator you want to use, or you may have to type them in with your keywords.

Click on the below tabs to learn more and see examples of Boolean Operators.

AND

AND is the most common of the Boolean Operators. AND will narrow down your search so you get less results, because it is telling the database that your search results must include every one of your search terms.

When you use AND to combine your keywords, keep in mind that while you will get results that have all of your keywords together, they might not necessarily be next to one another.

Examples

students AND community college

concussions AND football

textbooks AND student success


Searching Using AND - EBSCO 

Advanced Search in EBSCO for students AND community college with AND outlined in a red box with a red arrow pointing to it.

 
Searching Using AND - Gale

Advanced Search in Gale for students AND community college with AND outlined in a red box with a red arrow pointing to it.